LixiLan-G trial results

Inclusion criteria : * Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed at least 1 year prior to screening visit. * Participants who were treated with one of the following GLP-1 receptor agonists for at least 4 months prior to screening visit 1 (V1), and with stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening visit (V1): * Liraglutide (Victoza®) 1.8 milligram (mg) QD or 1.2 mg QD, if the 1.8 mg QD dose was not well tolerated according to the Investigator's judgment or * Exenatide (Byetta®) 10 microgram (µg) BID or of 5 µg BID, if 10 µg BID dose was not well tolerated according to the Investigator's judgment in combination with metformin (daily dose greater than equal to \[\>=\] 1500 mg/day or maximum tolerated dose \[MTD\]), with or without pioglitazone, with or without SGLT2 inhibitor, all at stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening. or Participants who were treated with stable dose of one of the following GLP-1 receptor agonists for at least 6 months prior to screening visit (V1): * Exenatide extended-release (Bydureon®) 2 mg once weekly (QW), if well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment, * Albiglutide (Tanzeum®) 50 mg QW or 30 mg QW, if 50 mg QW was not well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment, * Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) 1.5 mg QW or 0.75 mg QW, if 1.5 mg QW was not well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment in combination with metformin (daily dose ≥1500 mg/day or MTD), with or without pioglitazone, with or without SGLT2 inhibitor, all at stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening; -Signed written informed consent. Exclusion criteria: * At screening visit, age \<18. * Screening HbA1c \<7% and \>9%. * Pregnancy or lactation, women of childbearing potential with no effective contraceptive method. * Any use of antidiabetic drugs within 3 months prior to the screening visit other than those described in the inclusion criteria. * Previous treatment with insulin in the year prior to screening visit (note: short-term treatment with insulin \[\<=10 days\] due to intercurrent illness including gestational diabetes was allowed at the discretion of the study physician). * Laboratory findings at the time of screening, including: * Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) \>250 mg/dL (13.9 millimoles per litre \[mmol/L\]), * Amylase and/or lipase \>3 times the upper limit of the normal laboratory range (ULN), * Alanine transaminase or aspartate transaminase \>3 ULN, * Calcitonin \>=20 pg/mL (5.9 pmol/L), * Positive pregnancy test. * Participant who had renal function impairment with estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30mL/min/1.73m\^2 (using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) or end-stage renal disease. * Contraindication to use of insulin glargine, or lixisenatide or GLP-1 receptor agonist (Victoza®, Byetta®, Bydureon®, Tanzeum® or Trulicity®) according to local labeling. * Any contraindication to metformin or pioglitazone or SGLT2 inhibitor use, according to local labeling. *...