No current GLP-1 label lists type 1 diabetes as an approved use, so prescribing one for it would be off-label. ADJUST-T1D (Semaglutide): In adults with obesity on automated insulin delivery, 36% on semaglutide met the goal for glucose time in range and at least 5% weight loss against 0% on placebo at 26 weeks. Two severe low blood sugar events in each group. ClinicalTrials.gov lists 85 trials of these medicines on it: 21 with posted results and 15 recruiting now.
Read from the registry and PubMed every day. The newest update here is Nov 4, 2026.
Each read in the paper's abstract on Nov 6, 2026. Trials differ in who took part and how long they ran.
Semaglutide · 72 people · Better than the comparison · Placebo-controlled randomized trial
In adults with obesity on automated insulin delivery, 36% on semaglutide met the goal for glucose time in range and at least 5% weight loss against 0% on placebo at 26 weeks. Two severe low blood sugar events in each group.
Liraglutide · 1,398 people · Mixed · Placebo-controlled randomized trial
HbA1c fell 0.20 points more than placebo at 1.8 mg and weight 4.9 kg more, but symptomatic low blood sugar rose in every liraglutide group, and high blood sugar with ketosis rose at 1.8 mg (rate ratio 2.22).
A trial counts when the registry's conditions or title name this, and some study a related question, such as insulin sensitivity in people with the condition. A registered trial shows a question being asked, not that the answer is yes.
| Medicine | Trials | Posted results | Recruiting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liraglutide | 38 | 13 | 1 |
| Semaglutide | 19 | 1 | 8 |
| Exenatide | 17 | 7 | 0 |
| Tirzepatide | 8 | 0 | 5 |
| Dulaglutide | 3 | 0 | 1 |
Latest phases and largest trials first. Each result is the first primary outcome as its sponsor posted it to the registry, which is not peer review.
| Trial | Medicine | Phase | People | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADJUNCT ONE™The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide as Adjunct Therapy to Insulin in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 1,398 | Change From Baseline in HbA1c (Glycosylated Haemoglobin) (percentage of glycosylated haemoglobin), Week 0, week 52. Liraglutide 0.6 mg: -0.45; Liraglutide 1.2 mg: -0.50; Liraglutide 1.8 mg: -0.54; Placebo: -0.34. |
| ADJUNCT TWO™The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Adjunct to Insulin Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 835 | Change From Baseline in Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) (Percent (%) glycosylated haemoglobin), Week 0, Week 26. Liraglutide 0.6 mg: -0.23; Liraglutide 1.2 mg: -0.23; Liraglutide 1.8 mg: -0.32; Liraglutide Placebo: 0.01. |
| NCT01753362Liraglutide In Overweight Patients With Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 84 | HbA1c (percent), 26 weeks, baseline. Placebo: 7.77; Liraglutide: 7.94. |
| NCT01722266Liraglutide in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 72 | Change in Mean Weekly Glucose Concentrations (mg/dl), 12 Weeks. Placebo: 1; Liraglutide 1.8mg: -10; Liraglutide 1.2mg: -10; Liraglutide 0.6 mg: -0.3. |
| 1966Liraglutide in Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 69 | HbA1c (%) (Percent of Hemoglobin (%)), 52 Weeks, week 0. Liraglutide: 7.92; Placebo: 7.48. |
| NCT02518945Dapagliflozin As Additional Treatment To Liraglutide And Insulin In Patients With Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 26 | Absolute Change After 12 Weeks From Baseline in Mean HbA1c With Addition of Dapagliflozin Compared to Placebo. (% HbA1c), 12 weeks. Placebo: 0; Active Drugs: -0.66. |
| NCT00679042Islet Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Using the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) Protocol | Exenatide | Phase 3 | 21 | On ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT02516657Liraglutide in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 3 | 5 | On ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT01269047Use of Exenatide and Pramlintide to Decrease Post-prandial Hyperglycemia | Exenatide | Phase 4 | 37 | Post-prandial Blood Glucose Concentration in Both Pramlintide and Exenatide Treated Groups in Acute and Chronic Setting, Compared to Insulin Monotherapy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. (mmol/L), 6 months. Acute Pramlintide + Insulin Group: 9.03; Acute Exenatide + Insulin Group: 8.4; Chronic Pramlintide + Insulin Group: 8.0; Chronic Exenatide + Insulin Group: 10.2; Insulin Monotherapy: 10.8. |
| LIDO52 Week Trial of Liraglutide in Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 4 | 15 | Assessment of Changes in Glycemic Control by HbA1c. (percentage of HbA1c), Measure changes in HbA1c at 24 and 52 weeks from baseline. Liraglutide: 0.3; Placebo: 0.2. |
| NCT01269034New Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Role of Exenatide | Exenatide | Phase 4 | 13 | On ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT02443155A Clinical Proof-of-principle Trial in Adult Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Investigating the Effect of NNC0114-0006 and Liraglutide on Preservation of Beta-cell Function | Liraglutide | Phase 2 | 308 | Area Under the Concentration-time Curve (AUC) 0-4h of Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) Stimulated C-peptide at Week 54 Relative to Baseline (Ratio of AUC), 0 - 4 hours post-dose on week 0 and week 54. NNC0114-0006 + Liraglutide (Experimental): 0.934; NNC0114-0006 (Experimental): 0.783; Liraglutide (Experimental): 0.709; Placebo (Placebo): 0.660. |
| ADJUST-T1DADJUnct Semaglutide Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes | Semaglutide | Phase 2 | 115 | Proportion of Adults With T1D Achieving Composite Outcome (CGM-measured Time in Range (TIR)>70% With Time Below Range (TBR) of <4% and Reduction in Body Weight by 5%) at 26 Weeks in the Semaglutide Group Compared to Placebo Group (Participants), 26 weeks. Semaglutide: 13; Control: 0. |
| NCT01928329A Phase II Trial to Examine the Effect of Subcutaneous Exenatide (Bydureon®) on Glucose Control in Patients With Type I Diabetes | Exenatide | Phase 2 | 79 | Change From Baseline in HbA1c Levels (mmol/mol), 6 months. Exenatide (Bydureon): -0.12; Placebo: 0.11. |
| NCT01755416Liraglutide Versus Insulin Mono-therapy in the Closed Loop Setting | Liraglutide | Phase 2 | 18 | Blood Glucose Measures in Subjects on Closed Loop With Insulin and Liraglutide, Compared to the Closed Loop With Insulin Alone (mg/dl), 0-1500 min. Closed Loop/Insulin: 159.7; Closed Loop/Insulin/Liraglutide: 144.6. |
| NCT00456300Role of Exenatide in Type 1 Diabetes | Exenatide | Phase 2 | 11 | Mean Plasma Glucose Area Under the Curve (AUC) for Blood Glucose Concentration in the Exenatide 1.25 mcg or Exenatide 2.5 mcg Treated Groups Along With Insulin, Compared to Insulin Alone (mmol*L/min), 0-120 minutes post-dose. Exenatide 1.25 mcg + Insulin: 49; Exenatide 2.5 mcg + Insulin: 44; Insulin Monotherapy: 379. |
| NCT00566813Islet Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Using the Edmonton Protocol of Steroid Free Immunosuppression | Exenatide | Phase 1/2 | 10 | Number of Participants With Adverse Events Including Laboratory Abnormalities at the End of Study Participation (participants), 15 months after the last transplant. Islet Cells: 4; Islet Cells + Etanercept + Exenatide: 5. |
| NCT01206101Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes Undergoing Islet Cell Transplantation | Liraglutide | Phase 2 | 3 | On ClinicalTrials.gov |
| NCT02962492An Investigation Into the Effect of Dapagliflozin on Ketogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes | Exenatide | Not phased | 70 | Change in Beta-hydroxybutyrate Levels in Blood (mM), 12 weeks. Placebo Arm:: -0.23; Dapagliflozin Arm:: 0.63; Exenatide Extended Release Arm:: 0.24; Exenatide Extended Release & Dapagliflozin Arm:: 0.31. |
| 1974Effects of Single Doses of Liraglutide and Dapagliflozin on Ketogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Not phased | 43 | Difference in Ketone Bodies Formation After Single Dose of Liraglutide and Dapagliflozin (mM), 8 hours. Liraglutide 1.8 mg: 0.08; Placebo: 0.25; Dapagliflozin: 0.21. |
| NCT01856790Effect of Liraglutide on Automated Closed-loop Glucose Control in Type 1 Diabetes | Liraglutide | Phase 1 | 15 | Peak Post-prandial Venous Glucose Levels (mg/dL), 48 hours. Closed Loop Insulin Delivery: 98; Closed Loop + Liraglutide: 76. |
The registry page names each site and who can enroll. Ask your clinician before joining one.
Randomized trial · Diabetes Care · Oct 28, 2026 · Klein KR et al.
Meta-analysis · Diabetes Obes Metab · Sep 13, 2026 · Perry F et al.
Randomized trial · Diabetes Obes Metab · Aug 31, 2026 · Montaser E et al. · cited by 1
Randomized trial · Diabetes Obes Metab · Aug 13, 2026 · Caballero-Corbalán J et al. · cited by 1
Randomized trial · Diabetes Obes Metab · Jul 19, 2026 · Timmons JG et al. · cited by 1
Systematic review · J Am Assoc Nurse Pract · Jun 9, 2026 · Horne MP et al.
Listed from Europe PMC as published, newest first. A listing here is not a judgement of a study's quality or a recommendation.
Written from each source's own record as it changes. Every change on GLPcompare
ADJUST-T1D (Semaglutide, 72 people): In adults with obesity on automated insulin delivery, 36% on semaglutide met the goal for glucose time in range and at least 5% weight loss against 0% on placebo at 26 weeks. Two severe low blood sugar events in each group.
Not in any current label we read. A prescriber can still use a medicine off-label, but insurance often limits coverage to approved uses, so ask your plan.
Liraglutide, with 38 registered trials on it, then Semaglutide with 19. More trials do not mean better results: read what each posted.
15 trials are recruiting on ClinicalTrials.gov now, listed below with their registry pages, which name each site and who can enroll.